The authors would like to thank Lee Baker and Susanne Stucki for their support during the preparation of the manuscript. Maritz R, Ehrmann C, Prodinger B, Tennant A, Stucki G. The influence and added value of a standardized assessment and reporting system for functioning outcomes upon national rehabilitation quality reports. 48. ACRM is the professional home of choice for rehabilitation research lovers. doi:10.1056/NEJMms1706744, 78. The reviewer WF declared a past collaboration with the authors JB, GS to the handling editor. ISPRMoffice@aimgroup.eu, Journals published in association with ISPRM, ISPRM-WHO-Liaison Committee (ISPRM-WHO-LC), Website created and maintained by Sweb Agency. RehabWeek is an important venue and partnership for ACRM. 66. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. It is well recognized that there are indirect socioeconomic benefits of healthcare, such as avoiding productivity losses associated with ill health and the associated loss of functioning. A strategy of healthcare reform, in short, needs to identify and rigorously measure not only survival and recovery but sustainability and optimization of functioning. Magnan S. Social determinants of health 101 for healthcare: five plus five, in: NAM perspectives. In short, the ICF notion of functioning is the key to understanding the value of health in terms of individual well-being and societal welfare (21), operationalizing the underlying message of SDG3 that health is a fundamental public good. ISPRMoffice@aimgroup.eu, Journals published in association with ISPRM, ISPRM-WHO-Liaison Committee (ISPRM-WHO-LC), Joint Statement by the World Rehabilitation Alliance regarding the Turkey and Syria Earthquakes, Global report on health equity for persons with disabilities. J Rehabil Med (2018) 50:34657. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2021.06.028, 68. Welcome to ISPRM, the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. doi:10.2340/16501977-2736, 46. New York: Springer (2015) 47194. Fries was one of the first to signal the importance of assessing health interventions and health states in terms of peoples daily lived experiences. doi:10.1056/NEJMp0904131, 69. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002286.htm, https://www.upmc.com/services/transplant/intestinal/rehabilitation, https://www.societyforcognitiverehab.org/what_is_cognitive_rehab.php, https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/treatment/orthotics, https://www.brainline.org/article/life-changing-apps-people-brain-injury, http://www.naric.com/?q=en/content/art-and-music-therapy-rehab-and-beyond, Director's Corner: Supporting Small Business Innovations, Science Update: High-intensity walking intervals better than moderate walking for stroke rehabilitation, NIH-funded study suggests, National Child & Maternal Health Education Program. The International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) is the result of the merger and integration of the International Rehabilitation Medicine Association (IRMA) and the International Federation of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (IFPMR). BMJ Open (2018) 8:e021696. Where Can I Find Clinical Care Recommendations and Practice Guidelines? unity reintegration and plays a strategic role in optimizing healthcare transitions from acute and to postacute settings. J Rehabil Med (2014) 46:16. A true resolution would find a path to integrate health and health-related social sectors so that the collaboration between them is fluid and facilitates policy reforms that can only be achieved by means of cross-sectorial cooperation. 20141 Milan, Italy All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2008). Cooperation: the political psychology of effective human interaction. doi:10.4103/jisprm-000128, 44. 54. Endpoints used for relative effectiveness assessment: clinical endpoints. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WPA2015_Highlights.pdf (Accessed September 5, 2022). This traditional epidemiology is a robust science grounded in powerful statistical and other highly credible methodologies. 76. Harmonizing routinely collected health information for strengthening quality management in health systems: requirements and practice. .eg-isprm-announcements-container{background:rgba(0,0,0,0.65)} doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.22.07402-0, 30. Functioning also paves the way for a new interdisciplinary science field, human functioning sciences, that holds the promise of integrating research inputs and methods from diverse biomedical and social disciplines to provide a fuller understanding of human health (Figure3). Geneva: World Health Organization (2020). DeLisas physical medicine and rehabilitation: principles and practice. ISPRM thus aims to continuously improve PRM practice and facilitate PRM input in international health organizations with the goal to contribute to optimal functioning and quality of life of people experiencing disability. Specifically, we first explain functioning as a rethinking of health, one that more clearly exposes the conceptual and empirical link between health and both individual well-being and societal welfare. European network for health technology assessment. doi:10.1080/17483107.2020.1752319, 32. Functioning is relevant across all five of the health strategies (14). Orthotics, which are devices that aim to improve movement and prevent contracture in the upper and lower limbs. Selb M, Glassel A, Escorpizo R. ICF-based tools in rehabilitation toward return to work: facilitating inter-professional communication and comprehensive documentation. 8. World Health Organization. Rethinking health in terms of human functioning can underpin economic arguments supporting and defining adequate levels of social investment in health and healthcare. This, then, is the revolution in our understanding of health represented by the notion of human functioning: from the perspective of lived health, the actual performance of activities in ones actual environment, functioning constitutes the bridge between biological health and our well-being, understood either as an objective goodhuman flourishingor subjectively as happiness, both affective and cognitive. What is value in healthcare? It is a common theme that interprofessional collaboration, demanded by increasingly complex treatment plans that cross health disciplines, is often stymied by communication obstacles that a functioning-based common language can remove (54). Diener E. Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. Recently, functioning has provided the value-base for economic investment in specific service areas, such as rehabilitation (67). Finally, for health financing, adding functioning information into standard case-mix systems utilizing diagnosis-related groups improves the capacity of these financing structures to capture the differences in patient needs for services in the acute care setting and influence financial priorities (34). doi:10.26719/2021.27.2.111, 5. Prosthetics, which are devices designed to replace a missing body part, such as an artificial limb, Wheelchairs, walkers, crutches, and other mobility aids. 12. The following are some common types of rehabilitation:1, 2, 3, 4, 5. ACRM is celebrating its 100th anniversary. Stucki G. Developing human functioning and rehabilitation research. The implications of functioning across WHOs six building blocks of health systems are shown in Figure2 (24), and an overview of use cases of functioning information across these six functions of the health system is displayed in Table1. The international classification of functioning, disability and health: a unifying model for the conceptual description of physical and rehabilitation medicine. Additional standardized questionnaires were considered, based on the large-scale International Spinal Cord Injury Survey (InSCI) of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine and the International Society of Spinal Cord Injury, i.e. Any success story you would like to share? Meyer T, Gutenbrunner C, Kiekens C, Skempes D, Melvin JL, Schedler K, et al. International classification of health interventions. Stucki G, Bickenbach J, Frontera W. Why rehabilitation should be included in international healthy ageing agendas. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing (2008) 32342. Selb M, Stucki G, Li J, Mukaino M, Li L, Gimigliano F, et al. Training in human functioning sciences, from bachelors degrees through to doctoral degree programs and beyond, should emphasize interdisciplinary research with an implementation orientation. In recent years, the global situation has been made more dire by the COVID-19 pandemic, growing pressure on health services, and increased disparities in health outcomes between and within countries (2). ISPRM 2023 Presidents Cabinet Grants Available at: https://www.who.int/initiatives/rehabilitation-2030 (Accessed September 5, 2022). Check your inbox or spam folder to confirm your subscription. Rehabilitation medicine (or "physiatry") is the medical branch that deals with restoration of function in patients with disabilities. Mller C, Plewnia A, Becker S, Rundel M, Zimmermann L, Krner M. Expectations and requests regarding team training interventions to promote interdisciplinary collaboration in medical rehabilitationa qualitative study. 19. It also offers a foundation for reconceptualizing multidisciplinary health sciences and for augmenting epidemiology with information derived from peoples lived experiences of health. The notion of functioning in effect brings health down to earth to the practical, everyday experience in which all of us live with health-related reductions in our capacity to carry out activities and, given the demands and assistance provided by environments in which we live, how we actually perform these activities. The field of health sciences faces a challenge in encompassing and integrating diverse scientific disciplines to comprehensively understand and respond to individual and population-level health needs within a single field of study. doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7313.625. Joint Statement by the World Rehabilitation Alliance regarding the Turkey and Syria Earthquakes doi:10.2340/16501977-0865. The concept of human functioningWHOs technical termis at the core of the ICF. London: The Health Foundation (2019). Geneva: World Health Organization (2015). doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2015.12.030, 41. On the measurement of financial protection: an assessment of the usefulness of the catastrophic health expenditure indicator to monitor progress towards universal health coverage. The functional independence measure 18-item version can be reported as a unidimensional interval-scaled metric: internal construct validity revisited. 75. Moreover, operationalizing health as human functioning completes the picture of health envisaged by SDG3 by explaining why health is a driver of individual well-being and, in turn, why population health contributes to societal welfare. The mission of the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM) is to enhance the lives of persons living with disabilities through an interdisciplinary approach to rehabilitation, and to promote rehabilitation research and its translation to clinical practice. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61462-8. To be useful at all levels of the health systemi.e., to health professionals, managers, policymakers, and global health agencieshealth information must not only be reliable but comparable and thus standardized and interoperable. The curative strategy depends on information about biological health for treatment planning and information about lived health for outcomes to assess treatment efficacy. Eyal N, Hurst SA, Murray CJ eds. For rehabilitation practice and science, the concrete implementation of the ICF has primarily meant integrating functioning information into existing health information systems as an important way to advance WHOs Rehabilitation 2030 Initiative aimed at strengthening rehabilitation in national health systems (62). Eur J Phys Rehabil Med (2022) 58:1908. Disabil Rehabil (2018) 40:232530. It is time for the biopsychosocialtech model. Rentsch HP, Bucher P, Dommen Nyffeler I, Wolf C, Hefti H, Fluri E, et al. Handbook of vocational rehabilitation and disability evaluation: application and implementation of the ICF. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-global-disability-action-plan-2014-2021 (Accessed 21 March 2023). But the impact of these trends also points to the need to prepare our healthcare systems to focus on optimizing functioning (17). The presence of the leading international societies in rehabilitation technology allows for easy collaborating. J Rehabil Med (2015) 47:80915. Available at: https://wayback.archive-it.org/5774/20220413203043/https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/about/foundation-health-measures/Health-Related-Quality-of-Life-and-Well-Being (Accessed September 5, 2022). Functioning constitutes WHOs third health indicator of health (14). ISPRM2023 Assembly of Individual Members doi: 10.2307/j.ctt2jbt31. There is also agreement that the provision of healthcare and public health are public goods that contribute to overall societal welfare. Physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R), also known as physiatry or rehabilitation medicine, aims to enhance and restore functional ability and quality of life to those with physical impairments or disabilities affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. J Int Soc Phys Rehabil Med (2021) 4:17483. A new interdisciplinary science fieldhuman functioning sciencesitself holds the promise to integrate research inputs and methods from diverse biomedical and social disciplines to provide a more comprehensive understanding of human health. The recognition and implementation of human functioning as a new way of thinking about health entail communication challenges that need to be addressed. Rehabilitation medicine includes efforts to improve function and minimize impairment related to activities that may have been hampered by illnesses or injuries. doi:10.2340/16501977-2225, 45. Prodinger B, Tennant A, Stucki G, Cieza A, stn TB. Via G. Ripamonti, 129 new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], Why might someone need rehabilitation medicine? Nevertheless, this approach does not dismantle the entrenched health vs social structural dichotomy; rather, it trades on the fact that the NHS can oversee employment-related health determinants as an employer, as a source of procurement strategies, and as a land and capital asset holder and environmental advocate. Applications of the international classification of functioning, disability and health in goal-setting practices in healthcare. Addressing these challenges and associated inertia is vital to orientate health systems toward what matters most to people about health based on their lived experience of health. It is an incomparable and distinct zone for interprofessional education: the healthcare system is dependent on the inpatient rehabilitation facility as the epicenter for instruction to healthcare professionals on how to care for patients with complex rehabilitation needs . Greene JA, Loscalzo J. Society for Neuroscience. Rather than discuss the role of functioning in each function, we take a step back and focus on WHOs own interest in formalizing the classification of functioning. World population ageing 2015 highlights (St/Esa/Ser.A/368) (2015). Health, functioning, and well-being: individual and societal. Recently, the United Kingdoms Health Foundation has suggested that local National Health Services (NHS) should be empowered as anchor institutions to broker non-healthcare inputs into local communities from social sectorstransportation, environment, and social services (73). Geneva: World Health Organization (2019). Plsek PE, Greenhalgh T. Complexity science: the challenge of complexity in healthcare. Conferences that are recognised by the Chapter of Rehabilitation Physicians, Academy of Medicine, Singapore (AMS) as core activities/programmes will be eligible for CME points. Retinal prostheses, which can restore useful vision in cases in which it has been lost due to certain degenerative eye conditions, Telemedicine and telerehab technologies, which are devices or software to deliver care or monitor conditions in the home or community, Mobile apps to assist with speech/communication, anxiety/stress, memory, and other functions or symptoms, Physiatrists (also called rehabilitation physicians). 3. As non-governmental organization (NGO) in relation with the World Health Organization (WHO), as an international umbrella organization of PRM physicians, and as a catalyst for international PRM research, ISPRM has a humanitarian or civil societal, a professional, and a scientific mandate. Selb M, Zampolini M, Delargy M, Kiekens C, Stucki G. Specifying clinical assessment schedules for the European framework of rehabilitation service types: the perspective of the physical and rehabilitation medicine section and board of the European union of medical specialists. Apply to have your PRM event advertised on our calendar and more! Rehabilitation 2030 initiative. Stucki G, Zampolini M, Selb M, Ceravolo MG, Delargy M, Varela Donoso E, et al. Across the lifespan, all of us experience pain, anxiety, fatigue and weakness, tight joints, skin sores, and other sensory, mobility, and cognitive impairments. Valuing health: well-being, freedom, and suffering. World Health Organization. Although domains of functioning have been used in health outcome measures for decades, this application does not fully capture the power of the concept of functioning. A paradigm shift implementing human functioning as the third indicator of health (complementing mortality and morbidity) could profoundly benefit practices, research, and policy across health systems and health strategies. To realize the opportunities offered by this rethinking of health we must address formidable methodological, implementation, and communication challenges within health systems and society. Yet there is general agreement that health is either a component or a determinant of individual well-being. a.eg-henryharrison-element-1,a.eg-henryharrison-element-2{-webkit-transition:all .4s linear; -moz-transition:all .4s linear; -o-transition:all .4s linear; -ms-transition:all .4s linear; transition:all .4s linear}.eg-jimmy-carter-element-11 i:before{margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px}.eg-harding-element-17{letter-spacing:1px}.eg-harding-wrapper .esg-entry-media{overflow:hidden; box-sizing:border-box; -webkit-box-sizing:border-box; -moz-box-sizing:border-box; padding:30px 30px 0px 30px}.eg-harding-wrapper .esg-media-poster{overflow:hidden; border-radius:50%; -webkit-border-radius:50%; -moz-border-radius:50%}.eg-ulysses-s-grant-wrapper .esg-entry-media{overflow:hidden; box-sizing:border-box; -webkit-box-sizing:border-box; -moz-box-sizing:border-box; padding:30px 30px 0px 30px}.eg-ulysses-s-grant-wrapper .esg-media-poster{overflow:hidden; border-radius:50%; -webkit-border-radius:50%; 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background:-o-linear-gradient(top,rgba(0,0,0,0) 50%,rgba(0,0,0,0.83) 99%,rgba(0,0,0,0.85) 100%); background:-ms-linear-gradient(top,rgba(0,0,0,0) 50%,rgba(0,0,0,0.83) 99%,rgba(0,0,0,0.85) 100%); background:linear-gradient(to bottom,rgba(0,0,0,0) 50%,rgba(0,0,0,0.83) 99%,rgba(0,0,0,0.85) 100%); filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#00000000',endColorstr='#d9000000',GradientType=0 )} , Remote therapeutic monitoring (RTM) using wearable and environmental sensors, combined with big data and artificial intelligence to fine-tune home-exercise and activity programs are the next BIG THING in rehabilitation technology. Hopfe M, Stucki G, Marshall R, Twomey CD, stn TB, Prodinger B. Capturing patients needs in casemix: a systematic literature review on the value of adding functioning information in reimbursement systems. Establishing score equivalence of the functional independence measure motor scale and the barthel index, utilising the international classification of functioning, disability and health and rasch measurement theory. Prodinger B, OConnor RJ, Stucki G, Tennant A. Aging, natural death, and the compression of morbidity. As a non-governmental organization (NGO) in relation with the World Health Organization (WHO), as an international umbrella organization of PRM physicians, and as a catalyst for international PRM research, ISPRM has a humanitarian or civil societal, a professional, and a scientific mandate. Available at: https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/international-classification-of-health-interventions (Accessed 21 March 2023). Improving health and mortality data in Eastern Mediterranean region countries: implementation of the international classification of diseases, 11th revision (ICD-11). ISPRM Office c/o AIM Group 72. Geneva: World Health Organization (2018). The wording of SDG3 nonetheless poses a challenge: why should we think that a robust public health and healthcare system that extends life and decreases the incidence of diseases, injuries, and other health conditions will alone significantly improve individual well-being and societal welfare? .eg-isprm-announcements-element-3-a{display:inline-block !important; float:none !important; clear:both !important; margin:15px 0px 0px 0px !important; position:relative !important} Linking rules have been developed that map data on functioning collected with any standard patient data collection toolHAQ, SF-36, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM)onto ICF categories (4446). Their focus lies in optimising recovery following severe injuries and improving function, thus facilitating participation in society for all individuals. Functioning also provides a basis for reconceptualizing multidisciplinary health sciences; a new interdisciplinary science fieldhuman functioning sciencesitself holds promise to integrate diverse research inputs and methods to provide a fuller understanding of human health. Int J Qual Health Care (2020) 32:37987. The appropriateness and efficacy of many essential medical products and certainly all assistive technologies depends on the degree to which they contribute not merely to survival or patient satisfaction, but also to improvement in functioning, as is increasingly being recognized (56). Hopfe M, Prodinger B, Bickenbach JE, Stucki G. Optimizing health system response to patients needs: an argument for the importance of functioning information. Our Society is dedicated to advancing the knowledge and practice of rehabilitation medicine in the UK, and to promoting excellence in patient care. The International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) serves as the global agency for Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (PRM). ClinFIT: ISPRMs universal functioning information tool based on the WHOs ICF. Since its foundation in 1999 ISPRM has been increasingly successful in achieving its mission, both within PRM and through its collaboration with WHO. The COVID-19 outbreak is constantly changing worldwide. N Engl J Med (2009) 361:10912. PM&R physicians diagnose and treat a variety of medical conditions affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves and the musculoskeletal system. Under Article 19.2 of the Constitution, Notice is hereby given of a proposal to amend the Constitution to a CIO with the Charity Commission. Zampolini M, Selb M, Boldrini P, Branco CA, Golyk V, Hu X, et al. We bring together a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, including physicians and nurses, among others, who are all passionate about improving the lives of patients with physical and . N Engl J Med (1980) 303:1305. The individual rehabilitation project as the core of person-centred rehabilitation the physical and rehabilitation medicine section and board of the European union of medical specialists framework for rehabilitation in Europe. Geneva: World Health Organization. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. We hope that RehabWeek attendees will submit proposals to be a part of the ACRM Annual Conference this fall where rehab pros from around the world will again unite in Chicago. Lancet (2015) 385:56375. 1. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006735, 36. New York: United Nations. Disabling conditions such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and cerebral palsy, as well as musculoskeletal issues and pain, may require various levels of . In response to the recent and past unacknowledged tragic deaths of numerous innocent black individuals whose lives were taken as a result of institutional racism in the U.S., The American Society of Neurorehabilitation (ASNR) unequivocally supports Black Lives Matter (BLM) and is committed to creating a safe, inclusive, and equitable environment for black neuroscientists. As such, it is the study and analysis of distributional patterns, causes, and effects of disruptive health conditions on clinical or general populations. '&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= If we are to take seriously the claim that there is a bridge between health and individual well-being and societal being, we need to fundamentally rethink why health is important to us or, more precisely, what actually matters to us about our health. We bring together a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals, including physicians and nurses, among others, who are all passionate about improving the lives of patients with physical and functional disabilities. Second, the question of how to inform the public about human functioning (public dissemination) is another challenge. BMC Health Serv Res (2016) 16:40. doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1277-x, 35. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021696, 42. Pavia: Maugeri Foundation Books (2010) 5368. doi:10.1097/phm.0000000000001111, 81. Cieza A, Oberhauser C, Bickenbach J, Chatterji S, Stucki G. Towards a minimal generic set of domains of functioning and health. Fundamentally, the concept of human functioning could be the basis to reconceptualize multidisciplinary health sciences as an integrated and coherent scientific field of study. J Rheumatol (2009) 36:205760. doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.21.06923-9, 52. In 2008 the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM) started an initiative to systematically develop its capacity and its internal and external policy agenda. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.11698. . Mortality and morbidity are the conventional health indicators capturing (albeit to a limited degree) the effects of health conditions through premature death and impairments or morbidities. Recognizing the salience of the lived experience of health in peoples lives was the starting point of a rethinking of health incorporated into WHOs development of the ICF. J Rehabil Med (2020) 52:jrm00085. Geneva: World Health Organization (2015). Disabil Rehabil (2003) 25:41121. doi:10.3109/09638288.2013.845256, 82. It would explore the links between health and individual well-being, identifying and implementing the societal response to functioning needs so as to secure the bridge between healthcare and public health and societal welfare. Gutenbrunner C, Meyer T, Melvin J, Stucki G. Towards a conceptual description of physical and rehabilitation medicine. The ICF is widely used in the development and validation of both specific and general measurement instruments that can be tailored for clinical use (42, 43), as well as population-level data collection questionnaires and clinical intervention monitoring and quality management. Geneva: World Health Organization (2022). ICF generic set as new standard for the system wide assessment of functioning in China: a multicentre prospective study on metric properties and responsiveness applying item response theory. The ICF as a common language for rehabilitation goal-setting: comparing client and professional priorities. 64. J Int Soc Phys Rehabil Med (2019) 2:1921. There is, therefore, an opportunity to augment traditional epidemiology with a functioning epidemiology to fully account for the lived experience of health (75). In 2001, WHO released its International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to operationalize this concept by capturing these essential data in an internationally comparable way (13). This information is used to monitor the health indicators of mortality and morbidity. Available at: https://www.sfn.org/about/history-of-sfn/the-creation-of-neuroscience/~/media/SfN/Images/HistoryofSfN/pdf/HistoryofSfN.ashx (Accessed September 5, 2022). doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.34, 7. Finally, explaining societys response to the individuals health needs depends on scientific understanding of institutions and social processes involved in societys health and health-related systems that respond both to underlying biological needs and environmental determinants of health and lived health. J Rehabil Med (2011) 43:7604. The novel conceptualization of health in terms of human functioning, operationalized by the ICF classifications, could profoundly change practice, education, research, and policy across health systems and wider social systems. Visit: ACRM.org/lp. 57. The type of rehabilitation a person receives depends on the condition causing impairment, the bodily function that is affected, and the severity of the impairment. Direct +39 02 56601.385 38. Accordingly, rehabilitation professionals were quick to recognize the significance of the notion of functioning as a core element of rehabilitation science and practice. The international classification of functioning, disability and health. 65. Rehabilitation:the health strategy of the 21st century. doi:10.2340/16501977-2711, 31. Please check with your local authorities for updates and recommendations. Human functioning sciences, in short, not only respond to the call to reject reductivism in health research (and putting the patient back together (77)) but also to use functioning as the integrative conception of health as the basis for a truly interdisciplinary health science. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. This is particularly relevant to WHOs consistent call for people-centered healthcare (55), which encourages health professionals and healthcare systems to ensure that services are designed and delivered in ways that are directly relevant to peoples lived experiences. This article explicates more fully WHOs notion of human functioning, illustrates its potential impact on health and society at large, and argues that societies can profit by implementing functioning systematically as the third indicator of health. The goal of healthcare, Porter argues, is what matters for patients and what should unite the interests of all actors in the system, namely good health outcomes (69, 70). European Framework of rehabilitation services types: the perspective of the physical and rehabilitation medicine section and board of the European union of medical specialists. 24. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. doi:10.3899/jrheum.090357, 33. CB coordinated the project. It is not an understatement to say that health research has expanded astoundingly over the last century, thanks to the contributions of numerous scientific disciplines, from the biological and natural sciences to social sciences, humanities, and engineering (74). In 1967 the name was officially changed to the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM). Stucki G, Bickenbach J. Functioning: the third health indicator in the health system and the key indicator for rehabilitation. This link to individual well-being and societal welfare constitutes the value of health for individuals and society at large, operationalizing the underlying principle of SDG3 that health is a fundamental public good. BMJ Glob Health (2021) 6(10):e006735. The concept of human functioningparticularly the distinction between biological and lived healthcan help here by identifying the relevant sciences that comprise health research and how they contribute to the societal response to health needs. A strategy for healthcare reformtoward a value-based system. In the case of the health workforce, one of the first applications of the ICF was to provide a language in which interdisciplinary teams of health professionals could communicate (28, 53). Fellinghauer B, Reinhardt J, Stucki G. Towards an epidemiology of functioning. Available at: https://www.eunethta.eu/endpoints-used-for-relative-effectiveness-assessment-clinical-endpoints-amended-ja1-guideline-final-nov-2015/ (Accessed September 5, 2022). The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. 74. Prodinger B, Kkdeveci AA, Kutlay S, Elhan AH, Kreiner S, Tennant A. Cross-diagnostic scale-banking using rasch analysis: developing a common reference metric for generic and health condition-specific scales in people with rheumatoid arthritis and stroke. , 35. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021696, rehabilitation medicine society, Branco CA, Golyk V, Hu X, et al contributed! Prepare our healthcare systems to focus on optimizing functioning ( public dissemination is... Are public goods that contribute to overall societal welfare ( 2022 ), ISPRM-WHO-Liaison Committee ( ISPRM-WHO-LC ), created! 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