Nkambule NR, Madiba TK, Bhayat A. Despite efforts and commitments made at country level during the past decade to implement effective interventions, progress in addressing the burden of oral diseases in an equitable and integrated manner remains slower than expected. Both the authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Almost all of these conditions are largely preventable, or can be treated in their early stages. Subgroup analysis on prevalence of dental caries based on country. Accessibility Soroye M, Adegbulugbe C. Oral health status, knowledge of dental caries aetiology, and dental clinic attendance: a comparison of secondary school students in the rural and urban areas of Lagos. The mean DMFT scores was 0.99 (95% C.I. Pratyusha N, Vinay C, Uloopi KS, Rojaramya KS, Ahalya P, Devi C. Association of serum vitamin D and salivary calcium and phosphorus levels in 311-year-old schoolchildren with dental caries. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted As of 2011, only 27 countries in the WHO African Region had a national policy on oral health, while only 14 of those countries had a dedicated oral health budget. . As shown in the flow diagram (Figure 1), 524 studies were searched from all databases. In South Africa, the national prevalence rate of ECC is 60% among children under 6 years or age [1]. The dental caries incidence in adults has been detrimental because of several environmental factors4. Prevalence of DC in 12-year-olds have been reported in systematic review which highlighted that caries prevalence ranged between 41.9 and 69.4% in lower-middle and upper middle income countries [13]. Oral diseases Featured Asset Download the full infographic Disease Dental caries/tooth decay Periodontal (gum) disease Oral cancer Oral manifestations of HIV Oro-dental/facial trauma Cleft lip and palate Noma 2016 Mar 9;16:29. doi: 10.1186/s12903-016-0190-3. For example, the studies carried out between the 1940s and 1960s have indicated the effectiveness of fluoridation towards reducing the dental carries to 60% in children (Julie et al., 2014). suitable for use in developing countries, especially for primary screening for high risk of caries. The critical appraisal was performed independently by the two authors and any disagreements were discussed until a consensus was reached. Of the 3861 records identified, 14 were eligible. The search was last updated on the 10th January 2022. The overall prevalence was 36% (29.441.7) (Fig. This is a prevalence/incidence study, and consequently, no interventions will be assessed. The South African government does not regularly monitor the dental disease of children or adults. will also be available for a limited time. Bogale B, Engida F, Hanlon C, Prince MJ, Gallagher JE. The burden of dental caries in the western cape and a recommended turn-around strategy. 2 ). Urban poverty and nutrition challenges associated with accessibility to a healthy diet: a global systematic literature review. Although the confidence intervals were quite large, nevertheless the DC increased over time. The original search yielded 2247 articles. Table 4: Oral health status is Lebanon, 2012 Click here to view Batwala V, Mulogo EM, Arubaku W. Oral health status of school children in Mbarara. Oral condition and background factors in Somali immigrant children newly arrived in Sweden. An official website of the United States government. Dental caries and oral health practice among 12 year old school children from low socio-economic status background in Zimbabwe. There was no language restriction. (2019) 19:120. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0806-5, 87. Dec 02, 2022 (Reportmines via Comtex) -- Dental caries are one of the most common diseases in the world. Learn more Although the caries prevalence changed over time, the changes were not significant. 2. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. about navigating our updated article layout. is variation in reported prevalence of dental caries could be due to dierences in Publication bias was also assessed using Duval and Tweedies Trim and Fill method for prevalence (Fig. Moreover, a 10-year resolution from 1998-2008 emphasized the importance of integrating oral health into primary health care. Cape Town, Full-text studies that have outcomes of interest were evaluated further using the inclusion criteria. doi: 10.1002/sim.1186, 25. Johannesburg, RSA. Dental caries is a multifactorial, chronic condition arising from various causes such as . After the duplicates were removed, the titles and abstracts were screened and studies that were irrelevant to the research question and outcome of the study were excluded. Mahesh Kumar P, Joseph T, Varma RB, Jayanthi M. Oral health status of 5 years and 12 years school going children in Chennai cityAn epidemiological study. Franco e Franco TCC, Amoroso P, Marin JM, de Avila FA. Urban poverty has also been linked to poor access to healthy eating and food insecurity [108]. Interestingly, the DMFT and caries prevalence was the highest in Eritrea (2.50 and 78% respectively). :0.911.27) (Table (Table3).3). South Africa. Ahmed TES, Abuaffan A. Rural Remote Health. Received 2020 Dec 21; Revisions requested 2021 May 25; Revised 2021 May 27; Accepted 2021 Jun 17. Geographical location was statistically associated with dental caries, as children living in urban areas were more affected than those in peri-urban areas (16.8% compared with 8.8%). Okoye LO, Chukweneke FN, Akaji EA, Folaranmi N. Caries experience among school children in Enugu, Nigeria. : 2.172.83), and the lowest was seen in Tanzania (0.61, 95% C.I. 8600 Rockville Pike Dental caries is a major public health problem globally and is the most widespread noncommunicable disease (NCD). (2017) 18:104. ** Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. Commentaries/letters and other gray literature will be excluded from this review. A 2007 WHO survey revealed that 39 countries in the WHO African Region had reported cases of noma, although Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria and Senegal are the countries with the highest burden of the disease. 2018:114. Finally, we assessed the association between tooth brushing practice and dental caries using the random effect model. The country has only 7,320 trained dental workers (dentists and dental. Elidrissi SM, Naidoo S. Prevalence of dental caries and toothbrushing habits among preschool children in Khartoum State, Sudan. Majority (63.0%) of the students with a DT score > 1 had more than one decayed tooth (Table 2 ). Mulu W, Demilie T, Yimer M, Meshesha K, Abera B. (2006) 18:54055. Critical appraisal according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) criteria. Percent of children aged 5-19 years with untreated dental caries: 13.2% (2015-2018) Percent of adults aged 20-44 with untreated dental caries: 25.9% (2015-2018) . A total of 10 studies were included in the analysis, and the results revealed that those who had no tooth brushing practice were 1.967 times at risk of developing dental caries (OR = 1.967, 95% CI = 1.2053.211) (Table 2). A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. To achieve these objectives, the WHO Regional Office for Africa has assisted Member States by: advocating for increased political commitment at the highest levels; providing guidance, tools and standards to Member States in their efforts to develop and implement national oral health action plans for the prevention and control of oral diseases; supporting the inclusion of basic oral health-care services into the basic health and education systems; mobilizing resources and promoting investment, including public-private partnerships, to support integrated national oral health action plans; contributing to the development, production, and distribution of affordable and good quality oral hygiene products as well as quality dental filling material that is affordable, safe, and environmentally-friendly; supporting operational research to generate evidence for corrective action and continued learning on the relationship between oral diseases and other NCDs and to demonstrate the public health impact, cost-effectiveness and feasibility of interventions (Best Buys); and. Magnitude of dental caries and its associated factors among governmental primary school children in Debre Berhan Town, North-East Ethiopia. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Copyright 2021 Teshome, Muche and Girma. 71. Results: Of 327 papers published in the study period 69 were proper epidemiological studies and 45 fulfilled inclusion criteria. This cross-sectional epidemiological study was part of the ongoing Cape Town Bellville South Vascular and Metabolic Health Study. It was higher in women than in men (28.5 vs. 18, respectively, P < 0.001). Digit sucking habit and association with dental caries and oral hygiene status of children aged 6 months to 12 years resident in semi-urban Nigeria. Nordstrand MA, Saxe DS, Mohammed MA, Adam MB. Tafere Y, Chanie S, Dessie T, Gedamu H. Assessment of prevalence of dental caries and the associated factors among patients attending dental clinic in Debre Tabor general hospital: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Urban cities had the highest mean DMFT score (1.32, 95% C.I. Noma is mostly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. Dental caries and oral health practice among 12 year old school children from low socio-economic status background in Zimbabwe. doi: 10.1590/S0102-311X2011000300008, 86. J Child Health Care. Koya S, Ravichandra K S, Arunkumar Vasa A, Sahana Suzan, Pushpalatha H M. Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children of West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, South India: An Epidemiological Study. Background: Dental caries affects mastication, growth and development, and school attendance and has a long-term psychological effect on affected individuals. 2021 Oct 12;18(20):10662. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182010662. Common conditions include chipped, broken or lost teeth, dislocated jaws, and fracturing of facial bones and jawbones. (2007) 18:32933. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. The overall pooled prevalence of dental caries in East Africa was found to be 45.7% (95% CI = 38.053.4), with heterogeneity (I2) of 99.55% (Figure 2). PLoS ONE 2016. Oral HIV lesions cause pain, discomfort, dry mouth, eating restrictions and are a constant source of opportunistic infection. 2018;18(1):200. The search terms were predefined to allow a comprehensive search that includes text fields within records and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH terms) were used to help expand the search. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal BMC Oral Health. We will contemplate the feasibility of conducting a meta-analysis on a subgroup of included studies once the data have been extracted. JAMA. Caries status and treatment needs in South Africa: report of the 1999-2002 National Children's Oral Health Survey. (2010) 87:1347. 2019;8:119. Untreated dental caries (tooth decay) in permanent teeth is the most common health . They are caused by bacteria that produce acids that. Accessibility In South Africa, numerous studies to determine the caries prevalence and severity of different population groups have been carried out in the past. SAMRC-RFA-UFSP-01-2013/ VMH/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom. Barbosa Neves ET, Perazzo MF, Gomes MC, Martins CC, Paiva SM, Granville-Garcia AF. The 12-year old age group is often neglected with many studies focussing on either the under 6-year olds and/or the 15-year olds. Oral hygiene practices and caries prevalence among 915 years old ghanaian school children. Most importantly, early and recent studies have consistently indicated that water fluoridation de-escalates the pervasiveness and severity of dental caries. Besides, the pooled ORs did not show a statistically significant association between residency and dental caries (OR = 0.962, 95% CI = 0.5951.554). Smit D, Barrie R, Louw A. BMC Oral Health. Faculty of Dentistry, (2013) 13:7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6831-13-7, 4. The lowest DMFT scores were recorded in Sudan (0.49 (95% C.I. The .gov means its official. The prevalence of ECC varies across the region. (2015) 15:18. Khan SQ, Khan NB, ArRejaie AS. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD010856.pub2. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of dental caries in primary schoolchildren in Yasuj township, Iran. Forest plot showing the pooled prevalence of dental caries in East Africa. Peerbhay F, Barrie RB. Nurelhuda NM, Trovik TA, Ali RW, Ahmed MF. and around 400 million people in the WHO African Region were affected by oral disease in 2017. Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among 12 years old students in Eritrea. The prevalence rates were 40.98% in Ethiopia (17), 52.4% in Sudan (18), 50.3% in Kenya (19), and 40.2% in Tanzania (20). These results indicated that there was publication bias for the DMFT outcome but not for prevalence. The burden of restorative dental treatment for children in Third World countries. Moreover, subgroup analysis revealed that the pooled prevalence of dental caries was high in those 12 years (50.2%, 95% CI = 38.462.1), followed by those 612 years (41.3%, 95% CI = 33.549.2) (Figure 5). Although Vasireddy [18]. doi: 10.1111/idj.12223, 19. BMC Oral Health. Int J Paediatr Dent. This finding is in line with a national oral health survey done in China (76) and Palestine (77), where 55.3% and 54.35% of children above 12 years had dental caries, respectively. Walle M. Khat chewing and self rated oral health out comes in Bahir Dar, North West Ethiopia. Peer reviewed cross-sectional articles from January 2000 until December 2021 was searched and this included the following databases: Pubmed (Medline); SCOPUS; CINAHL (via EBSCOhost); Academic Search Complete (via EBSCOhost); Dentistry and Oral Sciences Sources (via EBSCOhost); and Science Direct. 18,080 participants were included in this review. Should a meta-analysis be conducted, we will assess publication bias according to the recommendations described in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions [32]. The Ministry of Health of the member countries, along with dental associations of each country, ought to offer due attention to strengthen the oral health program in schools and primary health care centers and the implementation of school water fluoridation. These findings highlight limited access to preventive oral healthcare and a high rate of tooth extraction. doi: 10.1002/0470870168, 26. Frencken JE, Sharma P, Stenhouse L, Green D, Laverty D, Dietrich T. Global epidemiology of dental caries and severe periodontitisa comprehensive review. Study design: Cross-sectional observational survey. BMC Oral Health. These results showed that rural children had a significantly higher mean DMFT score (2.84) compared to high socio-economic status urban children (1.69). F1000Research. 83. Pooled prevalence of edentulism (95% CIs) 2016;10(2):42. 2021 Dec 1;2:772679. doi: 10.3389/froh.2021.772679. Like dental caries/tooth decay, it is caused by poor oral hygiene, but can also be caused by smoking. Moreover, a meta-analysis done in Eastern Mediterranean countries found prevalences of 65% (4585%) in primary dentition, 66% (5973%) in mixed dentition, and 70% (6475%) in permanent dentition (78). There were 22 articles that determined prevalence and 21 articles which could be included for the DMFT meta-analysis. (2002) 24:54351. The last national oral health survey was conducted in 2004 in children only and adults were excluded [33]. Blankson P-K, Amoah G, Thadani M, Newman-Nartey M, Amarquaye G, Hewlett S, et al. However, the result is incomparable to a previous study done in Ethiopia (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.172.96). The overall prevalence of dental caries in 12-year -olds in Africa was 36% (29.441.7%) (Fig. Simangwa LD, Johansson AK, Johansson A, Minja IK, strm AN. Global, regional, and national levels and trends in burden of oral conditions from 1990 to 2017 a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease 2017 study. The results could assist in identifying public health programmes that can be implemented to manage and reduce the prevalence of DC. or above had lost at least one tooth due to dental caries. (2016) 12:157. This review was self-funded. Subgroup analysis showed that the mean DMFT were 3.146 (95% CI = 1.0505.242) in Sudan, 2.876 (95% CI = 2.1863.565) in Uganda, 2.273 (95% CI = 1.8842.661) in Eritrea, and 1.182 (95% CI = 1.1351.229) in Ethiopia (Figure 8). Sugars and dental caries. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 460 children aged 7-12 years were investigated. 7) and DMFT scores (Fig. Khalifa N, Allen PF, Abu-bakr NH, Abdel-Rahman ME, Abdelghafar KO. BMC Res Notes. Cleaton-Jones P, Fatti P. Dental caries trends in Africa. Makhanu M, Opinya G, Mutave RJ. Fluorosis, caries and oral hygiene in schoolchildren on the Ombili foundation in Namibia. Furthermore, long-term untreated dental caries can result in school absenteeism, low BMI, and poor educational outcomes. Furthermore, the DMFT score was 0.47 (0.460.48), and indicated that 6 studies were missing. These factors could have impacted on the provision of dental services and education in the early years of these children which may have contributed to the high caries prevalence. Figure 1. To date, there are no comprehensive data on the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors in East Africa. Studies that meet the following inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Specifically in the African Region, the spectrum of oral diseases also includes noma, which is a necrotizing disease that affects children between the ages of 2 and 6 years. Owino RO, Masiga MA, Macigo FG. Cross-sectional and cohort studies reporting the prevalence of ECC in healthy children aged 6 years and under living in South Africa will be included in the review. Many past efforts have assessed the epidemiology of untreated caries, and this study provides the most up-to-date figures on the distribution and determinants of the disease in the adult US population for the period 2017 through 2020. Table Table33 summarizes the findings from the included studies. Article search was done using key terms. Although aetiological factors have been described well in literature [1618], there is still a very high prevalence rate across the globe. Community Dent Health. 15. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222568. : 18.644.3%) (Fig. Poor oral health causes severe pain, discomfort, and can lead to disfigurement, social isolation, and even death. El-Sayed MEH, Osman KH, El Nour ALB. Hobdell M, Tsakos G, Sprod A, Ladrillo TE, Ross MW, Gordon N, et al. Stata software (version 14.0) was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of dental caries. A full-text review was done for the remaining 124 studies and identified 44 studies that meet the inclusion criteria for this review. 3). 16 Cochran-mantel-haenszel techniques: applications involving epidemiologic survey data. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/, Caries OR decay OR dmft OR dental OR oral OR ICDAS OR DMFT OR caries[Title/Abstract] OR decay[Title/Abstract] OR dmft[Title/Abstract] OR dental[Title/Abstract] OR oral[Title/Abstract] OR ICDAS[Title/Abstract] OR DMFT[Title/Abstract])), Prevalence[Title/Abstract]) OR (prevalence), (Africa[MeSH] OR Africa*[tw] OR Algeria[tw] OR Angola[tw] OR Benin[tw] OR Botswana[tw] OR Burkina Faso[tw] OR Burundi[tw] OR Cameroon[tw] OR Canary Islands[tw] OR Cape Verde[tw] OR Central African Republic[tw] OR Chad[tw] OR Comoros[tw] OR Congo[tw] OR Democratic Republic of Congo[tw] OR Djibouti[tw] OR Egypt[tw] OR Equatorial Guinea[tw] OR Eritrea[tw] OR Ethiopia[tw] OR Gabon[tw] OR Gambia[tw] OR Ghana[tw] OR Guinea[tw] OR Guinea Bissau[tw] OR Ivory Coast[tw] OR Cote dIvoire[tw] OR Jamahiriya[tw] OR Jamahiryia[tw] OR Kenya[tw] OR Lesotho[tw] OR Liberia[tw] OR Libya[tw] OR Libia[tw] OR Madagascar[tw] OR Malawi[tw] OR Mali[tw] OR Mauritania[tw] OR Mauritius[tw] OR Mayote[tw] OR Morocco[tw] OR Mozambique[tw] OR Mocambique[tw] OR Namibia[tw] OR Niger[tw] OR Nigeria[tw] OR Principe[tw] OR Reunion[tw] OR Rwanda[tw] OR Sao Tome[tw] OR Senegal[tw] OR Seychelles[tw] OR Sierra Leone[tw] OR Somalia[tw] OR South Africa[tw] OR St Helena[tw] OR Sudan[tw] OR Swaziland[tw] OR Tanzania[tw] OR Togo[tw] OR Tunisia[tw] OR Uganda[tw] OR Western Sahara[tw] OR Zaire[tw] OR Zambia[tw] OR Zimbabwe[tw] OR Central Africa[tw] OR Central African[tw] OR West Africa[tw] OR West African[tw] OR Western Africa[tw] OR Western African[tw] OR East Africa[tw] OR East African[tw] OR Eastern Africa[tw] OR Eastern African[tw] OR North Africa[tw] OR North African[tw] OR Northern Africa[tw] OR Northern African[tw] OR South African[tw] OR Southern Africa[tw] OR Southern African[tw] OR sub Saharan Africa[tw] OR sub Saharan African[tw] OR subSaharan Africa[tw] OR subSaharan African[tw]) NOT (guinea pig[tw] OR guinea pigs[tw] OR aspergillus niger[tw]), Dental Caries and Nutritional Status of School Children in Lagos, Nigeria-a Preliminary Survey Caries, The prevalence of dental caries among Egyptian children and adolescences and its association with age, socioeconomic status, dietary habits and other risk factors. Urban cities had the highest DMFT score (1.32, CI 0.971.68), compared to rural cities (1.13, CI 0.861.4) and there was an increasing trend in DC prevalence over time from 28% (CI 2334%) in 2000 to 2005 to 57% (CI 4372%) in studies conducted after 2015. Rugarabamu PGN, Poulsen S, Masalu JRP. High heterogeneity was observed between the included studies, with an I2 value of 99.55%, and a random effect model was used. Thereafter, 80 articles were assessed by reading the full text for eligibility as described in the flow diagram (Fig. The datasets for this study can be made available on reasonable request to fkimmie@uwc.ac.za. Gabroun E, Berbash A, Abusreweil S, Shetwi N. Dental caries experience among 614 years old Schoolchildren in Municipality of Tripoli Center, Libya *Ebtehal Gabroun **Amel Berbash ***Sara Abusreweil ****Najeha Shetwi. Moreover, associated factors of dental caries were assessed and the overall effect was determined in the forms of the odds ratios. Eritrea has had many challenges including famines, recurrent wars and drought which has resulted in over 66% of the population living below the poverty line [106]. (2020) 31:1718. Most oral diseases and conditions share modifiable risk factors (such as tobacco use, alcohol consumption and unhealthy diets high in free sugars) common to the four leading noncommunicable diseases (NCDs, namely cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes). doi: 10.1111/0272-4332.00040, 27. Two reviewers (FK-D and TR) will independently extract data onto a standardized data extraction form (initially piloted on a small sample of studies) using Microsoft Excel (2014). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Prevalence of dental caries in the first permanent molar and associated risk factors among sixth-grade students in So Tom Island. Sociobehavioural risk factors of dental caries among selected adolescents in Ibadan. StataCorp LP. Equbamichael M, Fissihaye T, Hagos A, Tsadu G, Kiflom A. 1. However, the estimate of dental caries in the present study was lower than those in studies done in Gulf countries (64.7%) (71), Brazil (72.9%) (72), Kosovo (72.80%) (73), and China (67%, 95% CI = 56.077.0) (74). (2019) 19:213. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0903-5, 75. We should however view these findings with great care because of the high heterogeneity between the studies and the high risk of bias. BMC Pediatr. Dental caries prevalence among 12-15 year old palestinian children. The rural prevalence (31%) was lower than the urban prevalence (40%) Fig. Only studies conducted on South African children aged 6 years and under will be included. Prevalence of early childhood caries among 5-year-old children: A systematic review. According to the FDI World Dental Federation, the incidence of dental caries is very high in young people. Dental caries prevalence ranged from 4.9% to 98%. 47. For the 12- and 15-year-old groups, they had a higher prevalence of caries history in permanent teeth with a percentage of 80.38% and 90.57%, respectively, of which 77.16% and 81.55% of patients were untreated [Table 4]. Although not necessary, the corresponding author could be contacted for any pertinent missing information from any included articles. 3. The other country with a relatively high mean DMFT score was Libya (2.11). Int J Environ Res Public Health. Kumar N. Dental caries status among 614 years old school going children of Sebha city, Libya. BMC oral health. government site. The prevalence for 4- and 5- year-olds were reported in 14 studies. Shamseer Larissa, Moher David, Clarke C, Ghersi Davina, Liberati Alessandro, Petticrew Mark, Shekelle Paul, Stewart Lesley A, PRISMA-P Group Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation. According to the few available reports, the caries prevalence in Uganda is especially low, even . Pattern and aetiology of mandibular fractures at Kenyatta national hospital. Results: doi: 10.1177/1367493515569328, 35. doi: 10.17303/jdoh.2014.201. Multiple linear regression model revealed that the prevalence of . Int J Paediatr Dent. (2003) 31:324. (2016) 20:25261. Josefczyk ME. The quality assessment of studies will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data [31]. All of the included studies were conducted between 2000 and 2020 (Table 1). Aggeryd T. Goals for oral health in the year 2000: cooperation between WHO, FDI and the national dental associations. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Kalil A. Caries experience of preschool children in selected sites in Johannesburg. Furthermore, the prevalence of HIV in the country was estimated to be 13.1% in 2018 [24]. This could be due to the diet in urban areas which usually comprise of refined carbohydrates rather than the rural diets which usually contain less sugars. Meta-Analysis of mean DMFT scores for urban/rural settings. Of the same group, 20.2% of the children presented with definite signs of dental fluorosis. Oral health status of 12-year-old school children in Khartoum state, the Sudan; A school-based survey. In severe cases, the teeth can be detached from the gum and supporting bone and become loose. Where possible subgroup analysis was performed per country, urban/rural status and year of publication. Teshome A, Yitayeh A, Gizachew M. Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among Finote Selam primary school students aged 1220 years, Finote Selam Town, Ethiopia. The I2 test and the Q test was used to determine statistical heterogeneity and subsequently random effects model was utilized due to the significant heterogeneity (I2>50%) results obtained. :0.9141.27) (Fig. (2019) 19:270. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0950-y. Amoroso P, de vila FA, Gagliardi CM. 2009;7. Key words: children, dental caries, epidemiology, high risk, risk score model Oral Health Prev Dent 2021; 19: 279-286. The MeSH terms used for Scopus were: {(Dental Caries OR caries [Mesh] OR Tooth decay OR DMFT index [Mesh] OR decayed teeth) AND (risk factors [Mesh])}. Untreated caries is a prevalent disease that is associated with a substantial health and economic burden. There are six conditions that make up the bulk of the oral disease burden. In 1980, it called on Member States to integrate oral health into primary health care. They produce acid that destroys the tooth's enamel and the layer under it, the dentin. Dental caries and associated factors in children aged 2-4 years old in Mbeya City, Tanzania. Dental caries in six, 12 and 15 year old Venda children in South Africa. (1999) 27:31620. Contribution of D, M and F components to decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) score according to gender (left) and age group (right). The higher prevalence of caries among females might be due to the earlier eruption of teeth in girls, easier access to food supplies by women, and frequent snacking during food preparation and pregnancy (83). Dental caries experience and molar-incisor hypomineralisation in children: pattern and severity. A healthy mouth, teeth and gums, or oral health, is an important part of good overall health, well-being and quality of life. It shows that cerr-tain child behaviours and parental attitude play an important role in dental caries among preschool children. Preventive programs and educational programmes need to be implemented in general in African countries, especially in rural areas. Upon completion of data collection, the data will be uploaded to the University of the Western Capes data repository for safekeeping [29]. Dental caries and associated factors among primary school children in Bahir Dar city: a cross-sectional study. Dental caries in Arab League countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help doi: 10.1111/j.1875-595X.2002.tb00632.x, 77. [. A comprehensive search strategy was developed by a community dentistry specialist, a biostatistician and a clinical epidemiologist with a very good background in search strategy. Dental caries is one of the neglected health problems in developing countries, including East African countries. Abanto J, Panico C, Bnecker Marcelo, Frazo Paulo. Age is a The reviewers critically appraised the quality of the studies based on sample representativeness, participant recruitment, sample size estimation, reliability of the measurement, and the analysis of the outcomes. FOIA Prevalence of early childhood caries and its risk factors in 18-72 month old children in Salem, Tamil Nadu. Int Dent J. The aim of the systematic review was to determine the prevalence of dental caries (condition) in 12-year-olds (population) in Africa (context) using cross-sectional study designs. Dental caries (DC) is highly prevalent condition affecting mostly young children. Two dental surgeons (AT and BG) independently screened information at each stage. The present study revealed that there was a statistically significant association between poor tooth brushing habits and dental caries. Owino RO, Macigo FG, Onyango FJ. Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews. (2018) 18:119. doi: 10.1186/s12903-018-0581-8, Keywords: dental caries, DMFT, prevalence, oral health, tooth decay, Citation: Teshome A, Muche A and Girma B (2021) Prevalence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in East Africa, 20002020: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Comparison of the prevalence of dental caries in 1215 year-old children with dental fluorosis and those without dental fluorosis from juja in rural Kenya. Pooled standard deviations will be calculated using the Cohen (1998) formula [30]. global, regional, and national prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years for oral conditions for 195 countries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors - n.j. kassebaum, a.g.c. Hence, the highest prevalence of dental caries was found in Eritrea, which was 65.2% (95% CI = 49.281.1), followed by Sudan (57.8%, 95% CI = 36.079.7) (Figure 4). 1Department of Community Oral Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa, 2Department of Community Dentistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. This might be due to differences in the way of life between the populations of the countries involved in the study. Abbass MMS, Mahmoud SA, El Moshy S, Rady D, Abubakr N, Radwan IA, et al. (2004) 21 (4 Suppl.):31929. If sufficient numbers of studies are included, a meta-analysis will be performed. (2000) 283:200812. Prevalence of caries (DMFT1) in the permanent teeth among adults ages 20 to 64 years, by selected characteristics: United States, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004 and 2011-2016. BMC Oral Health. Cad Saude Publica. Oral diseases in the WHO African Region mainly include dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, orofacial trauma, oral manifestations of HIV infection, birth defects, and noma. Impacts of Tooth Loss on OHRQoL in an Adult Population in Cape Town, South Africa. There has been no systematic review done on the prevalence of DC amongst 12-year -olds in Africa. It was higher in women than in men (28.5 vs. 18, respectively, P < 0.001). Risk Anal. Forty-four studies were included in the analysis of the pooled prevalence of dental caries. about navigating our updated article layout. The groupings of caries prevalence and severity were evaluated. (2004) 32:33744. This protocol will be conducted using the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses for Protocols) guidelines [27]. Epidemiology of Dental Caries in the World 155 4. doi: 10.1016/S0169-7161(00)18018-6, 24. 32. Afr Health Sci. Dental caries is a common, preventable childhood condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of ECC in South Africa in children under the age of 6 years. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. believed to be rare in central Africa and East Asia, this rate makes CD one of the most prevalent diseases, affecting roughly 1% of the global . Table 2. Mazza C, Strohmenger L, Campus G, Cagetti Mg, Caruso F, Petersen Pe. More than 1 in 4 U.S. adults 26 percent have untreated dental cavities, according to oral health data gathered by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There will be no restriction on the time or language of publication. Dental caries and periodontal conditions among primary school children in morogoro municipality, Tanzania. Elias-Boneta A, Toro MJ, Rivas-Tumanyan S, Murillo M, Orraca L, Encarnacin-Burgos A, et al. Zhang X, Yang S, Liao Z, Xu L, Li C, Zeng H, Song J, Zhang L. Prevalence and care index of early childhood caries in mainland China: evidence from epidemiological surveys during 1987-2013. : 0.801.21. Benzian H, Monse B, Heinrich-Weltzien R, Hobdell M, Mulder J, van Palenstein Helderman W. Untreated severe dental decay: a neglected determinant of low Body Mass Index in 12-year-old Filipino children. Azodo CC, Chukwumah NM, Enabulele JE, Adeghe HA. Clinical consequences of untreated dental caries and school performance in low-income adolescents. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. country, with the national prevalence of dental caries being around . Pan Afr Med J. The genetic determinants of oral diseases in Africa: The gaps should be filled. Figure 2. The searching process will include all prevalence studies up to November 15, 2020. In developed world, it was found in the range of 1 to 12% (Burt and Eklund, 1999. (2003) 12 (Suppl. Although dental caries has been declining in permanent teeth for many children since the 1960s . Mohamed Ali H, Mustafa M, Hasabalrasol S, Elshazali OH, Nasir EF, Ali RW, et al. Filling the gaps in oral health services in Africa, Africa to take the lead in Integrating Oral Health into Chronic Disease Programmes, 20th International Conference on AIDS and STIs in AFRICA: 20th ICASA 2019, Eritrea: Commemoration of World AIDS Day 2022, National Council on Health opens, experts call for resilient health system towards UHC, Providing critical health and hygiene services to Mozambiques conflict-affected communities, South Sudan develops the next Health Sector Strategic Plan 2023-2027, Comoros on the path to ending mother-to-child HIV transmission, L'OMS Congo lance une initiative pour promouvoir la masculinit positive, Bolstering Africas health emergency readiness and response, Transforming women health leadership for improved health outcomes, Southern Africa faces uptick in COVID-19 cases, MID-TERMPROGRESS REPORTon the implementation of the Regional oralhealth strategy 2016 2025: Addressing oral diseases as part of noncommunicable diseases in the WHO African Region. High DMFT scores were reported in Sudan (3.146, 95% CI = 1.0505.242) and Uganda (2.876, 95% CI = 2.1863.565). doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2018/32669.11956, 80. Baskaradoss JK. Correlation between body mass index and dental caries among a sample of Sudanese children. Moreover, the mean decayed, missed, and filled teeth in primary dentition (dmft) were 2.237 (95% CI = 1.2933.181) (Figure 9). Pediatr Dent. The WHO published a worldwide caries prevalence of 60%-90% but has been reported that to be 32.6% among a similar age group to what is reported here in India, 19 4%-40% in Nigeria, 20 and 13% in other studies in sub-Saharan Africa. The prevalence of dental caries in 12-year-old children in 20002004 was 28.2% (95% C.I. (2016) 66:21520. There are significant costs are associated with the management of DC and preventative measures, such as toothbrushing, are a much cheaper alternative [19]. International journal of paediatric dentistry, , pp. Spec Ed Release. (2007) 10:733. doi: 10.1515/9783110617160, 23. Subgroup analysis on mean DMFT based on country. One of the major barriers to the improvement of oral health in the African Region is the absence of a clear statement of oral health policy to guide countries oral health activities. BMC Oral Health. The .gov means its official. A Systematic Review on Caries Status of Older Adults. :0.460.52)), Nigeria (0.60) and Burkina Faso (0.70(95% C.I. Prevalence of dental caries and evaluation of mean DMFT index among secondary school students in Asmara, Eritrea. The pooled odds ratios indicated that females were 1.333 times more likely to develop dental caries as compared with males (OR = 1.333, 95% CI = 1.1291.575). Joanna Briggs I. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence Ssudies. Title: Etiology, Epidemiology: Pathologic Changes in the Bones . Int J Prosthodont. In developing countries, the prevalence of dental caries is increasing due to the growing consumption of sugary foods, poor tooth brushing habits, and a low level of awareness about dental caries. The) highest prevalence of caries is reported from Africa and South East Asia (Milnes, 1996). Studies that were not published in English were excluded as there is a great diversity in languages in Africa. Stephen Arokiaraj, Krishnan Ramesh, Ramesh M, Kumar Vasaviah Suresh. Relationship between oral health status of parents and that of their children. Impact of dental caries and its treatment on the quality of life of 12- to 15-year-old adolescents in Benin. However, there is wide variation across the globe: from no recorded cases to around 20 cases per 100 000 people. (2010) 87:2531. Table 1. The burden of oral conditions among adolescents living with HIV at a clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. Results: The overall pooled prevalence of dental caries was found to be 45.7% (95%CI: 38.0, 53.4). Dental caries, and supragingival plaque and calculus among students, Tanga, Tanzania. The prevalence of DC and the DMFT scores were the primary and secondary outcome measures, respectively. PRISMA flow diagram showing the article selection process. (2005) 83:6619. Secondary searching (PEARLing) will be conducted (PEARLing is a search strategy where the reference lists of all the studies, whether included or excluded, are identified for possible inclusion). The keywords were used in the following combinations: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4. There is a very strong and consistent association between socioeconomic status (income, occupation and educational level) and the prevalence and severity of oral diseases. 2016;16(1). These are dental caries, or tooth decay; gum disease; oral cancers; oral manifestations of HIV infection; oro-dental/facial trauma; cleft lip and palate. (2002) 22:57990. 2019. eCollection 2022 Sep. Front Oral Health. 55. General anxiety, dental anxiety, digit sucking, caries and oral hygiene status of children resident in a semi-urban population in Nigeria. Dental caries/tooth decay occur when microbial biofilm (plaque) formed on the tooth surface converts the free sugars contained in food and drinks into acids that dissolve tooth enamel and dentine over time. The prevalence of untreated dental caries ranges from 23.1% in urban areas to 35.5% in rural areas [2, 3]. 2). Two authors (FKD and AB) extracted the data independently, if there were any disagreements, a consensus was reached through discussion. There are nine criteria in the JBI critical appraisal tool and a maximum score of nine indicated a lower risk of bias. University of the Western Cape, The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Treatment of dental caries is expensive, accounting for approximately 5-10% of the total cost of health care borne by developed nations. JAMA. In 1998, WHO estimated that there were 140 000 new cases of noma annually. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Careers. Each database will be examined using tailor-made search terms or MeSH terms: (1) early childhood caries OR caries OR decay OR dmft OR dental OR oral OR PUFA; (2) prevalence; (3) children OR peri-natal OR paediatric OR pediatric OR neonatal OR infant; (4) South Africa. (2014) 64:17380. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. Sixty-eight percent of the population experienced high DMFT scores. Both, FKD and AB have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship. Ferreira Sh, Bria Ju, Kramer Pf, Feldens Eg, Feldens Ca. Secondly, most of the studies present the status of dental caries in terms of percentage, and only a few studies used DMFT/dmft, which is one of the indicators of the severity of the disease. J Dent. The current prevalence of DC was 36% (95% C.I. Environ Health Prev Med. Methods: 2007 Nov-Dec;20(6):567-72. Pienaar E, Grobler L, Busgeeth K, Eisinga A, Siegfried N. Developing a geographic search filter to identify randomised controlled trials in Africa: finding the optimal balance between sensitivity and precision. The impact of dental caries on children and young people: What they have to say? East Afr Med J. Prevalence of different Streptococci species in the oral cavity of children and adolescents. Contact with authors was documented in the design of this study, but not performed as it was not deemed necessary. The mean DMFT and caries prevalence reported in this systematic review demonstrates that the WHO goal for 12-year-olds has been reached in Africa. Am J Hum Biol. Paisi M, Kay E, Bennett C, Kaimi I, Witton R, Nelder R, et al. The relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis in areas with moderate- and high-fluoride drinking water in Ethiopia. The literature search was initially conducted in November 2018 and was repeated in November 2020. (1.2%). Kiwanuka SN, strm AN. Varenne B, Petersen PE, Ouattara S. Oral health status of children and adults in urban and rural areas of Burkina Faso. Of which, 261 were excluded as duplicates using Endnote 7 software and manually. Mean number of teeth according to gender and age group. 1):S296300. Stat Med. The second national survey of oral health status of children and adults in China. In Africa, oral diseases are increasingly being recognized as a major public health problem in light of the rising NCD burden as well as its common modifiable risk factors. Epub 2007 May 2. (2015) 15:15. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used to assess risk of bias. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0847-9, 51. Asia-Pacific (APAC), Middle East and Africa (MEA) and South & Central America. For instance, a study published by the World Health Organization . [online] Statistics How To. (2013) 14:164. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2013.14.164.2399, 64. Ethnobot Leafl. Dental caries is a chronic, irreversible disease affecting preschool children worldwide. 39.73-50.15%). However, only three studies were conducted on a national scale; Williams . It is caused by bacterial plaque deposition on the surface of the tooth (2, 3), and frequent consumption of fermentable carbohydrates facilitates the progression of cavitation. PROSPERO CRD42018112161; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42018112161. Dental education and dentistry system in Iran. Waweru LW, Opinya GN, Ng'Ang'A PM. 2000. [. South Africa S Afr J Child Health 2018;12(4):133. The Gambia also recorded a high mean DMFT score (2.27). doi: 10.1111/j.1365-263X.2004.00570.x. Brindle R, Wilkinson D, Harrison A, Connolly C, Cleaton-Jones P. Oral health in Hlabisa, KwaZulu/ Natala rural school and community based survey. Rothstein HR, Sutton AJ, Borenstein M. Publication bias in meta-analysis. Besides, the reference lists of all relevant studies were screened. Trauma to the face and teeth can result from a wide range of causes, including interpersonal violence, conflict, road traffic injuries, or accidents in the home, school or workplace. Was documented in the flow diagram ( Fig from Africa and South East Asia (,... Relevant studies were screened cases to around 20 cases per 100 000 people highest mean DMFT score 0.47... Final version of the most widespread noncommunicable disease ( NCD ) interest evaluated... In Khartoum State, the DMFT outcome but not performed as it was not deemed.... 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Study, a total of 460 children aged 6 years or age [ 1 ] T..., Naidoo S. prevalence of caries prevalence changed over time lost teeth, dislocated jaws, and even..
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